9、CFO的果敢嘗試

9、CFO的果敢嘗試

國(guó)際上不同貨幣之間的exchange rate（匯率）每時(shí)每刻都在變化，對(duì)于multi-national coporation（跨國(guó)集團(tuán)公司）來(lái)說(shuō)，這經(jīng)常會(huì)產(chǎn)生很多財(cái)務(wù)上的問(wèn)題。遍布全球的市場(chǎng)就決定了支付貨幣的多樣性，比如在開(kāi)具cheque（支票）或letter of credit（信用證）的時(shí)候，是選擇export country（出口國(guó)）的貨幣，還是import country（進(jìn)口國(guó)）貨幣或者是第三國(guó)貨幣都會(huì)影響到交易的最終實(shí)際價(jià)格。而貨幣間exchange rate的變化會(huì)影響到企業(yè)的實(shí)際revenue（盈利）數(shù)額。所以payment currency（支付）貨幣的指定也是international trade contract（國(guó)際貿(mào)易合同）中的必要因素，必須在合同中明確指出。即使這樣，針對(duì)支付貨幣的dispute（爭(zhēng)議）也時(shí)有發(fā)生。

Innovo作為一家multi-national corporation, branch company（分公司）和市場(chǎng)分布在世界各地。在業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)行中，也常常會(huì)碰到payment currency方式的選擇問(wèn)題。隨著企業(yè)的發(fā)展壯大，業(yè)務(wù)范圍和客戶來(lái)源不斷擴(kuò)展，這個(gè)問(wèn)題也就越來(lái)越突出了。根據(jù)公司總部上個(gè)月的monthly report（月報(bào)），由于支付貨幣選擇不當(dāng)，又趕上國(guó)際貨幣市場(chǎng)匯率突變，僅一個(gè)月就產(chǎn)生了二百多萬(wàn)美元的直接實(shí)際損失。交易合同中貨幣的選擇是由財(cái)務(wù)部和銷(xiāo)售部共同決定的，為此這兩個(gè)部門(mén)需要承擔(dān)由此產(chǎn)生的責(zé)任?？偛恳驝FO Jerry立即尋找解決辦法，避免今后再出現(xiàn)類(lèi)似問(wèn)題，給公司造成不必要的損失。Jerry在咨詢了權(quán)威的capital management institutions（資金管理機(jī)構(gòu)）之后，同時(shí)在部分公司作了experiment（實(shí)驗(yàn)），終于找到了一種可行的辦法。她又根據(jù)Innovo的實(shí)際情況，作出一套具體可操作方案。一切準(zhǔn)備就緒以后，Jerry召集各分公司的Finance Directors進(jìn)行telephone conference（電話會(huì)議），向他們介紹公司準(zhǔn)備實(shí)行的這套新的貨幣支付方案。會(huì)前，Jerry將這次電話會(huì)議的主要議題發(fā)給了所有與會(huì)人員：

Find out the problems.

Consult authoritative and experienced organization for suggestions.

Make experiment within a small area.

Apply it to a large scope.

因?yàn)闀r(shí)差的緣故，組織全球各分公司在同一時(shí)間開(kāi)會(huì)可絕不是件容易的事。既然Jerry做了這個(gè)決定，可見(jiàn)問(wèn)題的importance（重要性）和urgency（緊迫性）。

電話會(huì)議選在美國(guó)時(shí)間早上九點(diǎn)進(jìn)行。各分公司所在地區(qū)的時(shí)間各不相同，有的地區(qū)已是午夜時(shí)分或是凌晨時(shí)分。

OK. As you know, on foreign exchange. We've got problems. Two problems. The first is that, as a group, we have too much exposure to currency variation, and that can mean losses. Big losses. Second, money costs money. All your hedging or transferring money costs a lot in time and money.

And you know why we've got these problems? It's because as a group, we're not coordinated. There's no real group policy for foreign exchange.

Right. Things are going to change. First, there's going to be a new company. This is going to be called the group Invoicing Company and we'll call it the I.C. just for now, and the role of the I.C. is going to be to coordinate all foreign exchange transactions: for every part of the group.

Right. How's it going to work? Procedure. First, you always invoice customers in your own currency, such as dollar, yen, euro, whatever you use, always if possible. But, if you have to invoice in a foreign currency — and this is the second option — then invoice the new I.C. company. In your own currency. OK?

And then the last step is that the I.C. will then invoice the customer for you, in the foreign currency. So everything passes through the I.C.; got it?

I know some of you are probably wondering if this will work for Innovo. I am ready to answer any question from your side.

接下來(lái)，各個(gè)分公司的Finance Directors針對(duì)這個(gè)新方案提出了很多問(wèn)題，也發(fā)表了各自的看法。有一個(gè)普遍的問(wèn)題就是大家對(duì)這個(gè)新方案的adaptability（適用性）不確定。在這一點(diǎn)上，Jerry早有準(zhǔn)備，他邀請(qǐng)了一位capital management institutions（資金管理機(jī)構(gòu)）的consultant詳細(xì)解答了大家的疑問(wèn)。經(jīng)過(guò)近兩個(gè)小時(shí)的telephone conference，最后關(guān)于這個(gè)方案的所有問(wèn)題都得到了答復(fù)。大家達(dá)成了一致意見(jiàn)：先在各分公司試行新方案一段時(shí)間，再根據(jù)具體執(zhí)行情況做相應(yīng)調(diào)整。同時(shí)，Jerry的助理把相關(guān)的材料和會(huì)議memorandum（備忘錄）通過(guò)e-mail發(fā)給各個(gè)Finance Directors。