87 表示請(qǐng)求:May I…? / Would you…? Track 087
表示“請(qǐng)求”,我們通常用一般疑問(wèn)句。主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí),表示“請(qǐng)求對(duì)方許可我們做某事”;主語(yǔ)用第二人稱時(shí),表示“請(qǐng)求對(duì)方為我們做某事”。
“請(qǐng)求”是和“許可”相對(duì)應(yīng)的。我們?nèi)粲藐愂鼍?,則是表示許可;用一般疑問(wèn)句,則表示“請(qǐng)求”,請(qǐng)求對(duì)方許可我們做某事。
例句
a. —Can I ask you a question?
(can用在疑問(wèn)句中表示請(qǐng)求允許)
—Yes, of course you can.
(can用在陳述句中表示給予許可)
b. —Can I have some more wine?
我可以再喝點(diǎn)酒嗎?
—No, I’m afraid you can’t.
不,恐怕你不能再喝了。
(1)第一人稱:請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許我(們)做某事
May I/we…?
Could I/we…?
Can I/we…?
Might I/we…? (很少用)
典型回答:
Certainly.
Yes, certainly.
Of course.
Yes, of course.
Sure. (非正式)
1)may I和could I 表示較正式、很禮貌地提出請(qǐng)求。如:
May I please borrow your car?
May I borrow your car, please?
Could I please borrow your car?
Could I borrow your car, please?
2)Can I…?則是非正式地請(qǐng)求允許,一般用于說(shuō)話人與對(duì)方相當(dāng)熟悉的情況下,比如你向你的同學(xué)借一支筆:
Can I borrow your pen?
3)Might I…? 顯得過(guò)于正式和客氣,所以一般很少用。
(2)第二人稱:請(qǐng)求對(duì)方為我們做某事
Would you…?
Could you…?
Will you…?
Can you…?
典型回答:
Yes, I’d like to.
Yes, I’d be happy to.
Yes, I’d be glad to.
Certainly.
Sure. (非正式)
對(duì)于禮貌的請(qǐng)求我們通常是給予肯定回答。若需要給予否定回答,我們往往這樣說(shuō):I’d like to, but…在but后面給出不能答應(yīng)的理由。
比如下面對(duì)話發(fā)生在同學(xué)之間:
— I am on duty this afternoon. Will you please cover for me? I have a doctor’s appointment.
今天下午我值日,你能替我嗎?我得去看醫(yī)生。
— I am sorry I can’t. My term paper is due tomorrow.
對(duì)不起,我替不了你。我明天得交學(xué)期論文。