VOA慢速英語聽力素材訓練：詞匯典故goat

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VOA慢速英語，作為國際英語學習者的重要資源，通過清晰緩慢的發(fā)音與簡潔的詞匯，為初學者及中等水平學習者搭建了通往流利英語的橋梁。它不僅幫助提升聽力理解能力，還豐富了詞匯量，增強了語感，是學習地道英語表達不可或缺的工具，對全球英語學習者的語言提升至關重要。讓我們一起進入今天的VOA慢速英語聽力訓練：詞匯典故goat。

英文原文

Many of our English expressions come from our interactions with or observations of animals. Today we talk about an animal that gets blamed for a lot of bad - a goat. To be more exact, we are talking about a scapegoat. A scapegoat is a person who is the receiver of blame and anger about a situation, often the anger is without reason. So, if someone is unfairly blamed for something, that person could be called a scapegoat. Scapegoat combines the English words 'escape' and 'goat'. The word has an interesting history, but before we hear that, let's hear the word used in some examples. Just because Tabitha had made mistakes in the past, she became the scapegoat in her family for everything that went wrong. But in fact, her sisters did worse things than she did. The builder of a new apartment building became the scapegoat for changes to the neighborhood. Houses became more expensive, and poorer people began moving out. But in reality, wealthy people had been moving into the area for many years.

我們許多英語表達都來自與動物的互動或對動物的觀察。今天我們來談談一種經常被歸咎于很多壞事的動物——山羊。更準確地說，我們是在談論替罪羊。替罪羊是指在某種情況下接收指責和憤怒的人，而這種憤怒往往是沒有道理的。因此，如果有人被不公平地指責某事，那個人就可以被稱為替罪羊。替罪羊這個詞結合了英文單詞“escape”（逃避）和“goat”（山羊）。這個詞有一個有趣的歷史，但在我們了解這個歷史之前，讓我們先聽一些例句。僅僅因為塔比莎過去犯過錯誤，她就成了家里一切錯誤的替罪羊。但事實上，她的姐妹們做得比她更糟。一位新公寓樓的建造者成了社區(qū)變化中的替罪羊。房價上漲，窮人開始搬出。但實際上，富人已經在這個地區(qū)搬入很多年了。

Now let's talk about the origin. Where does this word come from? Experts with Miriam Webster say scapegoat is connected to religion. On the dictionary's website, they explain that on a certain religious holiday, ancient Hebrews would sacrifice one goat and lead another one into the wilderness. The goat sent to the wilderness carried all the sins of the people. So, historically speaking, a scapegoat is an actual goat that takes on the sins of others. In other words, the goat carried the sins of other people away with it. In our modern usage, a scapegoat is someone who bears the blame for others.

現在我們來談談這個詞的起源。這個詞是從哪里來的？根據米里亞姆·韋伯斯特的專家所說，替罪羊與宗教有關。在字典的網站上，他們解釋說，在某個宗教節(jié)日里，古代希伯來人會犧牲一只山羊，并將另一只山羊帶到荒野。被帶到荒野的山羊背負了人們的所有罪惡。所以，從歷史的角度來看，替罪羊實際上是一只承擔他人罪惡的山羊。換句話說，山羊把其他人的罪惡都帶走了。在現代用法中，替罪羊是指為他人承擔指責的人。

In English, there is another word that has a similar meaning. A fall guy is someone who is blamed for something that someone else did. The word "fall guy" suggests that the person was set up for something they did not do. Here's an example: Lawyers for the defendant argued that their client was being set up by her boss. She was simply a fall guy for her boss's crimes. He was the real guilty party.

在英語中，還有一個意思相近的詞。替罪羔羊是指被指責做了別人做的事的人?！疤孀锔嵫颉边@個詞暗示這個人被陷害做了他沒做過的事。這里有個例子：被告的律師辯稱他們的客戶被她的老板陷害了。她只是老板罪行的替罪羔羊。他才是真正的罪魁禍首。

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