高中英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)（動(dòng)詞）

(動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞【分詞{現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去}、動(dòng)名詞】)系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞辨析)

分詞 分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種,是一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式.相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講:

1.現(xiàn)在分詞的用法：

1) 做表語(yǔ)： Thatbook was rather boring. 很多動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞都可以作表語(yǔ)：

exciting,interesting, encouraging, disappointing, confusing, touching, puzzling.

2) 作定語(yǔ)：That musthave been a terrifying experience. I found him a charming person.

現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)還可以放在名詞的后面修飾名詞, 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句：

There are a few boysswimming in the river.There is a car waiting outside.

3) 作狀語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)可以表示一個(gè)同時(shí)發(fā)生的次要的或伴隨的動(dòng)作：

Following Tom, westarted to climb the mountain Opening the drawer, he took out a box.

現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)還可以表示原因,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句：

Not knowing heraddress, we couldn’t get in touch with her.

現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)還可以表示時(shí)間,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：

Hearing the news,they all jumped with joy. Jim hurt hisarm while playing tennis.

Be careful whencrossing the road.

4)作賓補(bǔ)： 現(xiàn)在分詞在一些動(dòng)詞之后可以做賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：

例如, see,hear, catch, find, keep , have 等. I see himpassing my house every day.

Ismelt something burning. She kept himworking all day.

2.過(guò)去分詞的用法：

1) 作表語(yǔ)：

She felt confused, andeven frightened. I’m satisfied with your answer. He is not interested inresearch.

2) 作定語(yǔ)：Theteacher gave us a satisfied smile.

cooked food a written report fried eggs boiled water fallen leaves

What’s the language spoken in thatcountry?

3)作狀語(yǔ)：Seen fromthe hill, the city looks magnificent. They came in, followed by some children.

4)作賓補(bǔ)： 過(guò)去分詞也同樣可以作賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)， 接在某些動(dòng)詞后面

I will have theclothes washed tomorrow. When they get back home, they found the room robbed.