高中英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詳解 高中英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詳解

　　非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

　　一、動(dòng)詞不定式

　　一)、不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)

　　To see one time is better than to hear a hundred times.

　　To persevere means victory!

　　注①：在很多情況下，特別是在口語(yǔ)中，常采用先行it代替主語(yǔ)，而把不定式后置：

　　It’s a great pleasure to be here.

　　It is not an easy thing to master a language.

　　注②：這種后置不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)也適用于某些謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不是系動(dòng)詞的句子，如：

　　It took us five hours to get there.

　　It made us very angry to hear him talk like that.

　　注③：不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)通?？稍谔囟ǖ纳舷挛幕蚯榫爸锌闯?，也可以由“ for + 名詞詞組” 來(lái)表示，如：

　　It is not hard for one to do a bit of good.

　　It was difficult for me to do the work.

　　注④：某些形容詞在上述結(jié)構(gòu)中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，常在不定式之前加上 “of + 名詞詞組” 來(lái)說(shuō)明不定式所指的是誰(shuí)的情況，如：

　　It’s kind of you to think so much of us.

　　It’s very nice of you to be so considerate.

　　It’s unwise of them to turn down the proposal.

　　It was careless of her to make such a mistake.

　　二)、不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作表語(yǔ)

　　1.主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)都是不定式(其含義往往一是條件，一是結(jié)果)，如：

　　To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.

　　To do that would be to cut the foot to fit the shoe.

　　2.主語(yǔ)是以aim, duty, hope, idea, intention, mistake, plan, proposal, job, suggestion 等為中心詞的名詞詞組，或以 what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句表示，后面的不定式說(shuō)明其內(nèi)容，如：

　　My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.

　　Your mistake was not to write that letter.

　　My suggestion is to start work at once.

　　What I would suggest is to start work at once.

　　注：在某些句型中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)部分有動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞do 時(shí)，作表語(yǔ)的不定式可以省略符號(hào) “to”，如：

　　All we have to do is push the button.

　　The only thing I can do now is go on by myself.

　　All I could do was send him a telegram.