一、并列關系
由firstly, secondly, thirdly引導的句子間其實構(gòu)成的就是并列關系,即點是……,第二點是……,其三是……,然而老外在日常生活中的對話里引出自己看法的時候其實并不太注意這些提示詞的使用,如果使用的話他們更傾向于以下的表達方式:
Firstly=to start with/to begin with/first off
Secondly=also/as well/and
Thirdly=furthermore/besides/ last but not least
二、因果關系
so / so that / because = cuz / therefore,其中therefore的使用較為正式,而’cause和coz則是because的非正式用法,可在作答的過程中適當替換because,但是切記不可多用,否則會給考官留下過于刻意的印象。
三、讓步關系
Although / Even though / Even if / as long as
四、轉(zhuǎn)折關系
轉(zhuǎn)折關系指句子中后面的分局不是順著前面分句的意思說下去,而是轉(zhuǎn)了一個彎,跟前面分句的意思正好相反。中文中常見的表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系的關聯(lián)詞主要有雖然……但是;盡管……還是;……卻……。而英文中表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系的連接詞則有But…;However…; though等。Though在口語中經(jīng)常被放在句子的結(jié)尾處,其作用相當于在句中放入but。
五、遞進關系
Another point I would love to say is that…
On top of that I can also add that…
And I shouldn't forget to mention that …
In additionto what I’ve just said, I can add that…
Apart from what I’ve mentioned, another key point is that
六、修飾關系
that / who / which / when / where
七、對比關系
On the other hand / while / whereas / In contrast
八、舉例和泛指
like / such as / Take...for example / In some cases / and stuff like that / and things like that / or something like that
九、其他
as well / as well as / in terms of / instead of / rather than
十、不是連詞的表達
tend to / basically / actually / get