A: And I'm Lin Yang.
B: Do you have pteromerhanophobia? That is, are you afraid of flying? We will give you some tips about how to enjoy your flight in today's business etiquette.
A: 飛機(jī)上也能打電話(huà)? 我們?cè)谙旅娴墓?jié)目中為你介紹。
B: And in words and idioms, we will learn what "out in the open" and "open the door to" means!
A: All coming up on this edition of American English Mosaic!
B: Now let's go into our first segment, Learn a word!
Learn A Word 1891 electronics
今天我們要學(xué)的詞是 electronics. Electronics is spelled e-l-e-c-t-r-o-n-i-c-s, electronics.
Electronics 電子產(chǎn)品。The FAA is officially allowing the use of some electronics during takeoffs and landings. 美國(guó)聯(lián)邦航空局正式宣布,乘客在起飛和降落過(guò)程中可以使用某些種類(lèi)的電子產(chǎn)品。用過(guò)的舊手機(jī),或是舊電腦該如何處理呢?If you have electronics that still work and are not completely obsolete, a local school or nonprofit organization might be interested in them. 如果你的電子產(chǎn)品還能用,而且也沒(méi)有徹底過(guò)時(shí)的話(huà),當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)?;蚴欠怯麢C(jī)構(gòu)可能會(huì)感興趣。好的,今天我們學(xué)習(xí)的詞是 electronics, electronics, electronics.
A: I don’t think I’m a fan of being able to use cell-phones during a flight. Imagine being surrounded by people while crammed into a small metal tube, the last thing you need is some guy talking loud on his phone!
B: I agree. The noise level will add another layer of crankiness to long flights. I’m all for electronics, watching Netflix on a long flight sounds amazing, but phone calls are a no-no.
A: Yep, apparently most airlines realize this as well. They are saying that even if FAA does finally allow cell-phone use in flight, they won’t make it a company policy.
B: That’s probably smart, especially for those who are afraid of flying. Listening to people yelling at the top of their lungs isn’t gonna help them much.
A: True. We will talk about that subject later in the show. 現(xiàn)在咱們趕快來(lái)繼續(xù)我們的課程吧!
B: Let’s listen to today’s words and idioms!
Words and Idioms 889 out in the open
美國(guó)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)第 889 講
唉,我昨天晚上沒(méi)睡好,現(xiàn)在還覺(jué)得困! 這都要怪我的鄰居,他們家經(jīng)常大半夜聽(tīng)音樂(lè),以前就老吵到我??墒?,這家人平時(shí)待人很nice, 所以我每次看到他們都不好意思抱怨這件事。不過(guò)好了,昨天晚上,他們家開(kāi)party,鬧到很晚,把其他鄰居也驚動(dòng)了。于是,大家一塊兒去敲門(mén),告訴這家人他們太吵。這下,大家把話(huà)說(shuō)開(kāi)了,我覺(jué)得挺好。這還讓我想到了一個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),那就是:
M: Out in the open. Out is spelled o-u-t. Out. Open is spelled o-p-e-n. Open. Out in the open.
OUT IN THE OPEN 是“公開(kāi)”的意思。如果我們說(shuō)something is "out in the open", 就表示這是大家都知道的事,不再是秘密了。我鄰居家夜里音樂(lè)聲太大的問(wèn)題,以前可能只有我知道,而我又不好意思抱怨,不過(guò)現(xiàn)在說(shuō)開(kāi)了,大家都知道了,我倒覺(jué)得這樣一來(lái),事情能更圓滿(mǎn)的解決。不過(guò),把所有事情都公開(kāi)并不一定是好事,因?yàn)檫@樣一來(lái),你就沒(méi)有隱私了。比如下面這段話(huà)中的情況:
M: “The hardest thing about an election campaign is that you lose your privacy. Everything, from your business transactions to your relationships, is brought OUT IN THE OPEN.”
這段話(huà)意思是:政治競(jìng)選中最難過(guò)的一關(guān)就是失去個(gè)人隱私。從你的每一筆商業(yè)交易到你所有的社會(huì)關(guān)系,一切都被暴露在公眾的眼皮底下。
選舉時(shí)難受?要我說(shuō),當(dāng)選了之后更可怕! 如今的媒體會(huì)把公眾人物所有的隱私披露公開(kāi),特別是在電視和網(wǎng)絡(luò)盛行的今天,媒體簡(jiǎn)直是無(wú)孔不入! 我們?cè)賮?lái)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)剛才那段話(huà):
M: “The hardest thing about an election campaign is that you lose your privacy. Everything, from your business transactions to your relationships, is brought OUT IN THE OPEN.”
"Out in the open"這個(gè)短語(yǔ)據(jù)說(shuō)是1940年左右,在羅斯福當(dāng)美國(guó)總統(tǒng)的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)的。當(dāng)時(shí)第二次世界大戰(zhàn)剛開(kāi)打不久,在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間,很多令人驚訝的事被公開(kāi)了,可有一件事,卻是當(dāng)時(shí)的大部分美國(guó)人都不知道的。那就是,帶領(lǐng)美國(guó)打二戰(zhàn)的羅斯??偨y(tǒng)居然是一個(gè)生活在輪椅中的殘疾人。剛才我們還說(shuō)到公眾人物的一切隱私都是 out in the open 的,可是,在電視出現(xiàn)之前,美國(guó)媒體中幾乎沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)過(guò)羅斯福坐輪椅的畫(huà)面,這簡(jiǎn)直難以想像! 好了,媒體報(bào)道的變遷我們先不多說(shuō)了,來(lái)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)一位公司主管在會(huì)上的發(fā)言:
M: “I know that we have had a lot of problems recently, but the only way to deal with them is to bring them OUT IN THE OPEN. So, I am encouraging everyone to speak out. Who would like to begin?”
這段話(huà)的意思說(shuō):我知道,公司最近有很多問(wèn)題,不過(guò),解決問(wèn)題唯一的辦法就是把它們擺到桌面上來(lái)說(shuō)清楚。所以,我希望每個(gè)人都能直言不諱,誰(shuí)愿意先發(fā)言?
公司同事中難免有這樣那樣的問(wèn)題和意見(jiàn),可是大家礙于面子,或是因?yàn)楹ε拢赡軙?huì)把問(wèn)題悶在心里。這樣時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了,只會(huì)讓問(wèn)題越來(lái)越多,還可能會(huì)謠言四起,誤會(huì)不斷。就好像我隔壁鄰居家太吵的事,其實(shí)沒(méi)什么大不了,可是我卻不好意思告訴他這件事帶給我的困擾,這樣其實(shí)并不好。倒不如bring them out in the open, 把事情說(shuō)開(kāi)。好,我們?cè)賮?lái)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)剛才那段話(huà):
M: “I know that we have had a lot of problems recently, but the only way to deal with them is to bring them OUT IN THE OPEN. So, I am encouraging everyone to speak out. Who would like to begin?”
今天我們學(xué)的習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)是out in the open。 open就是沒(méi)有隱瞞,公開(kāi)的狀態(tài)。 所以,out in the open就是指公之于眾。
好的,這次美國(guó)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)就到此結(jié)束。
M: Until next time.
M: This has been Words and Idioms.
A: Today with the Internet and social media, everything seems to be out in the open. From my personal experience, I could easily find out a person’s birthday, where he works, or what he likes solely by checking his Facebook.
B: That’s why you have to be extra careful about what you post online these days. For example, once you post a picture on your Facebook, you can never really take it down. It’s always backed up on their server. Who knows when it would come back to bite you?
A: So true.
B: And I probably need to be extra careful because I’m famous, you know.
A; Ugh…yeah…right, says the guy who screams like a little girl when he’s in a haunted house.
B: Hey, everyone has their own phobias, alright?
A: Haha, yes.... Speaking of phobia, do you know what is pteromerhanophobia, Mike?
B: That’s the fear of flying! In today’s business etiquette, we will see the reasons behind this phobia, and what you can do to deal with them.
A: Let’s check it out!
Business Etiquette 261
Fear of Flying Part I
Sean 在走廊上遇到同事 Mimi, 他一副憂(yōu)心忡忡的樣子。我們聽(tīng)聽(tīng)為什么。
Sean: Oh, man....I am not looking forward to this upcoming trip to Europe.
Mimi: But Europe is amazing! You're going to Frankfurt, right? I've been there twice.... it's a delightful city! You'll love it!
S: Oh I'm sure I'll like it when I get there.....that is, if I get there.
M: I'm not following you.
S: I'm terrified of flying!
M: Ah! You have "pteromerhanophobia!"
S: What?
M: That's the technical term for the fear of flying.
Sean準(zhǔn)備去歐洲出差。Upcoming is spelled u-p-c-o-m-i-n-g, upcoming 即將到來(lái)的。比如,the upcoming vacation 快要來(lái)的假期,the upcoming test 馬上要來(lái)的考試。Sean 對(duì)去歐洲似乎并不開(kāi)心,Mimi說(shuō) I'm not following. 意思是我聽(tīng)不太懂你的意思。原來(lái),Sean 有飛行恐懼癥,害怕坐飛機(jī)。Mimi 說(shuō),飛行恐懼癥的術(shù)語(yǔ) technical term 是 pteromerhanophobia. Phobia 是一個(gè)很有用的詞根,比如,acrophobia, 就是 a-c-r-o 后邊加上 phobia, acrophobia 恐高癥。我們聽(tīng)聽(tīng) Sean 飛行恐懼癥有哪些癥狀。
S: Well whatever it's called....I've got it - bad! Every time I get on a plane my heart starts beating faster, I sweat and every creak and squeak from the airplane makes me sure we are going to crash. It's so exhausting that I arrive at my destination completely unnerved.
M: Wow! That doesn't sound like fun. I assume this condition is quite common --- I know lots of people who don't like to fly.
S: Everyone should be afraid of flying! After all, it's completely unnatural! We are crammed into a metal tube that's flying through the air at hundreds of kilometers an hour!!
Sean 告訴 Mimi, 每次只要一上飛機(jī),他就會(huì)心跳加速,直冒冷汗,飛機(jī)稍有風(fēng)吹草動(dòng),他就覺(jué)得是要墜機(jī)了。Sean 在這里用的 every creak and squeak. Creak is spelled c-r-e-a-k, creak 是指咯吱咯吱的聲音,and squeak is spelled s-q-u-e-a-k, squeak 是指刺耳的噪音。等到達(dá)終點(diǎn)的時(shí)候,He is completely unnerved. 他已經(jīng)徹底崩潰了。其實(shí),患有飛行恐懼癥的人很多,Sean 覺(jué)得,這是因?yàn)樽w機(jī)本來(lái)就是一個(gè)超自然的行為,那么多人 cram into 擠在一個(gè)金屬做的管子里,在天上飛,時(shí)速高達(dá)幾百公里。
M: Yeah sure, if you think about it that way it is scary....but driving isn't natural either. And as I'm sure you know, many more people die every year from car accidents than from plane crashes - in fact, your chances of being in a fatal accident is something like one in 5 million! Those are pretty good odds!
S: Yeah, I've read those stats....but I guess when I'm driving at least I feel in control. I feel completely helpless when I'm on an airplane.
Mimi 說(shuō),要說(shuō)坐飛機(jī)超自然的話(huà),那開(kāi)車(chē)也是超自然的行為,而且每年死于車(chē)禍的人要比坐飛機(jī)掉下來(lái)的人多得多。有統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字顯示,致命事件發(fā)生在我們身上的機(jī)會(huì)只有500萬(wàn)分之一。Those are pretty good odds. 機(jī)率還是滿(mǎn)不錯(cuò)的。Odds 是機(jī)率的意思。比如,Your odds of being struck by lightning is greater than winning the lottery. 一個(gè)人被雷電擊中的機(jī)率都要高過(guò)中彩票。 Sean說(shuō),這些數(shù)據(jù)他也看過(guò),stats is spelled s-t-a-t-s, 是 statistics 數(shù)據(jù)的簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě),但是他總覺(jué)得,開(kāi)車(chē)的時(shí)候,方向盤(pán)在自己手里,可是坐飛機(jī),命運(yùn)就完全不在自己的掌握之中了。
A: Sean說(shuō),對(duì)于upcoming trip to Europe, 即將來(lái)到的歐洲之行他一點(diǎn)也興奮不起來(lái),因?yàn)閔e’s terrified of flying,他特別害怕坐飛機(jī)。飛機(jī)一顛簸,他就心跳加速,每次到達(dá)終點(diǎn)的時(shí)候,He’s completely unnerved, 已經(jīng)完全崩潰了。
B: That sounds terrible. I feel bad for people who are afraid of flying. If you are in America and you want to travel, planes and cars are basically the only two options. We don’t really have speed trains.
A: I know! Especially now, you can’t avoid air travel if you work for a global corporation!
B: Exactly. Let’s keep listening to Mini and see what tips she has for Sean!
Business Etiquette 262
Fear of Flying Part II
Sean 有飛行恐懼癥,可他偏偏又是國(guó)際銷(xiāo)售代表,需要經(jīng)常旅行。同事 Mimi 開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō),他可真是選錯(cuò)了職業(yè)。Mimi 說(shuō),
M: You certainly picked the wrong profession! You are an international sales representative - traveling is part of the job!
S: I know!! I thought my fear would lessen the more I did it - but it's been 10 years now and I'm still afraid of flying.
M: You know, the idea that you are more in control behind the wheel of a car than you are in an airplane might not be valid. Think about it: how much control do you have over road conditions or other drivers on the road? Very little, right?
S: That's true.
Mimi 覺(jué)得,Sean certainly picked the wrong profession. 選錯(cuò)了職業(yè)。Sean 說(shuō),他原來(lái)以為,坐飛機(jī)坐得多了,飛行恐懼癥會(huì)慢慢好起來(lái),誰(shuí)知道,十年過(guò)去了,絲毫不見(jiàn)減弱。Mimi 說(shuō),Sean以為開(kāi)車(chē)---behind the wheels的時(shí)候自己可以控制自己命運(yùn),這種想法 is not valid, 不能成立,因?yàn)殚_(kāi)車(chē)的人對(duì)路況和自己周?chē)鸟{車(chē)人,是完全控制不了的。有什么辦法能減輕飛行恐懼癥患者的癥狀嗎?我們繼續(xù)聽(tīng)。
M: Have you ever tried pretending that you're on a bus? My uncle uses this trick when he's flying....whenever the plane runs into some turbulence he just closes his eyes and pretends he's sitting on a bumpy bus.
S: Hmm....I'm not sure if that would work but it's worth a try.
M: Where do you usually sit on the plane?
S: As close as possible to an emergency exit!!
M: (Chuckles) My uncle says the best place to sit is as close to the wings as possible because in his experience, the center of the plane is more stable.
S: That makes sense. I'll try to find a seat near an emergency exit by the wings!
Mimi 建議Sean 嘗試一下,假裝自己是坐在一個(gè)顛簸的巴士上。Whenever the plane runs into some turbulence, turbulence is spelled t-u-r-b-u-l-e-n-c-e, turbulence 氣流,意思是飛機(jī)遇到氣流顛簸的時(shí)候,就假裝自己是坐在一個(gè) bumpy bus 上。Sean 覺(jué)得 it's worth a try. 可以試試看。Mimi 問(wèn) Sean 一般都選擇什么地方的座位。Sean 說(shuō)從來(lái)都是離 emergency exit 緊急出口越近越好。Mimi 說(shuō),飛機(jī)中央部位最穩(wěn),也就是機(jī)翼附近??上攵琒ean 以后選擇位子的條件又多了一個(gè),不光要離緊急出口近,還最好是在飛機(jī)中間的機(jī)翼部位。
M: Of course, if nothing else works, you can always see a doctor and perhaps he can prescribe some antianxiety medication for you.
S: I'd rather not use medications, but it might come down to that.
M: There are also a lot of courses available that use mental strengthening exercises, or even hypnosis! You should look into one of those programs and see if it works for you!
S: That's a good idea!
M: Maybe understanding how an airplane works....some of the basic principles of flight....what turbulence actually is and some other specifics about flying could help you "know your enemy," so to speak.
S: I like that idea! If I understood what I was experiencing....perhaps I wouldn't fear it so much! Thanks for your suggestions, Mimi! You're a real pal!
Mimi 建議,實(shí)在不行,Sean 還可以去找醫(yī)生,開(kāi)點(diǎn) antianxiety 抗緊張的藥,Sean 雖然不想吃藥,但也承認(rèn),it might come down to that. 最后沒(méi)辦法,可能也只能借助藥物了。另外,想克服心理障礙,還可以去參加鍛煉心志的課程,或者是了解飛機(jī)的飛行原理,所謂 know your enemy 知己知彼,百戰(zhàn)不殆,這些可能對(duì)Sean都有幫助。
A: Mimi說(shuō)Sean害怕坐飛機(jī),但卻是國(guó)際銷(xiāo)售代表,he certainly picked the wrong profession, 真是入錯(cuò)了行。她給了Sean一些建議,比如sit as close to the wings are possible, 坐到機(jī)翼附近,還可以找醫(yī)生開(kāi)anti-anxiety medication,抗緊張的藥,還可以試試mental strengthening exercises, 鍛煉心志的課程。
B: Yeah, most of the time, a phobia is the result of something within. So try learning more about what you are afraid of will help you a great deal.
A: And I got a useful tip for my long flight back home: try to sit as close to the wings as possible!
B: Haha, right. Enough about flights though, let's go ahead with our class.
A: Let's listen to another learn a word!
Learn A Word 1892 overtime
今天我們要學(xué)的詞是 overtime. Overtime is spelled o-v-e-r-t-i-m-e, overtime. Overtime 有加班的意思。有報(bào)道說(shuō),The Department of Homeland Security employees claimed $8.7 million of unearned overtime a year. 美國(guó)國(guó)土安全部雇員一年內(nèi)在并未真正加班的情況下,共領(lǐng)取了870萬(wàn)美元的加班費(fèi)。美國(guó)政府新推出的健保網(wǎng)站發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題后,Information technology experts from both the government and outside firms are working overtime to fix the problems. 美國(guó)政府和私人公司的信息技術(shù)專(zhuān)家們加班加點(diǎn)地設(shè)法解決網(wǎng)站所存在的問(wèn)題。好的,今天我們學(xué)習(xí)的詞是 overtime, overtime, overtime.
A: I hope they can fix the Obama care website as soon as possible! I was hoping to sign up for it, but seems like there’s still some technical glitch.
B: That’s frustrating. I just hope I can understand how it works. It’s not transparent enough, so I have no idea what is going to happen to my own health insurance, or what kind of benefit I can get from the Affordable Care Act.
A: Fingers crossed it can open the door to a better health insurance system some day!
B: And you just mentioned an idiom: open the door to. Let’s check it out in today’s words and idioms!
Words and Idioms 890 open the door to
美國(guó)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)第 890 講
我有個(gè)朋友,人到中年,事業(yè)穩(wěn)定,家庭和睦。不過(guò)她昨天突然告訴我,她打算辭掉現(xiàn)在的工作,去商學(xué)院進(jìn)修MBA! 說(shuō)要重新給自己充電,建立更廣泛的人脈,再拿到名校的MBA,可以為她的人生打開(kāi)一扇新的大門(mén)。這件事讓我想到了一個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),那就是:
M: Open the door to something. Door is spelled d-o-o-r. Door. Open the door to something.
Open the door to something就是為某人或某事開(kāi)門(mén),也可以譯作“帶來(lái)”,“引起”。就好象我剛才那位朋友要回去念書(shū)。很多人勸她打消這個(gè)念頭,因?yàn)檫@個(gè)歲數(shù)回學(xué)校讀書(shū)可沒(méi)那么容易,不僅要兼顧家庭,還要重新適應(yīng)作學(xué)生的生活。不過(guò),我這個(gè)朋友非常堅(jiān)決,因?yàn)樗嘈?,這樣做能 open the door to a lot more opportunities--給她帶來(lái)更多的機(jī)會(huì)。不過(guò),那些反對(duì)她繼續(xù)讀書(shū)的人則覺(jué)得,這個(gè)決定將 open the door to a ton of headaches! 會(huì)給她帶來(lái)一堆頭疼的問(wèn)題。想想也是,高昂的學(xué)費(fèi),繁重的課業(yè),家庭的負(fù)擔(dān),這些肯定夠她煩的! 不過(guò)我相信,只要克服這些挑戰(zhàn),她就能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)!
好的,讓我們來(lái)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)下面這段話(huà):
M: "A lot of developing countries welcome foreign investment when they can't afford to develop their countries as fast as they would like. I think this country's stability together with its recent tax breaks for international businesses will OPEN THE DOOR TO a lot more foreign investment."
這段話(huà)是說(shuō):許多發(fā)展中國(guó)家無(wú)法通過(guò)自己的力量實(shí)現(xiàn)快速發(fā)展,這時(shí),它們都會(huì)歡迎外國(guó)投資。我覺(jué)得,這個(gè)國(guó)家局勢(shì)穩(wěn)定,最近還對(duì)國(guó)際企業(yè)實(shí)行稅務(wù)優(yōu)惠,一定能帶來(lái)更多的外國(guó)投資。
說(shuō)起來(lái),welcome - “歡迎”和"open the door to something"意思很相近。歡迎客人來(lái)自己家,肯定就會(huì)給客人開(kāi)門(mén)。好,我們?cè)賮?lái)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)剛才那段話(huà):
M: "A lot of developing countries welcome foreign investment when they can't afford to develop their countries as fast as they would like. I think this country's stability together with its recent tax breaks for international businesses will OPEN THE DOOR TO a lot more foreign investment."
打開(kāi)門(mén),迎來(lái)的不一定都是好事兒。下面我們來(lái)聽(tīng)一段話(huà),是關(guān)于將大麻合法化的意見(jiàn),大家來(lái)聽(tīng)聽(tīng),這個(gè)人是支持還是反對(duì)呢?
M: "I agree that we appear to be losing the fight against drugs. But despite the fact that marijuana may indeed have medicinal value, legalizing the drug would surely OPEN THE DOOR TO even wider usage."
這段話(huà)的意思說(shuō):我承認(rèn),我們?cè)诖驌舳酒贩矫嫠坪跖e步維艱。不過(guò),雖然大麻可能真有一些醫(yī)藥上的療效,但如果把大麻合法化,肯定會(huì)導(dǎo)致濫用大麻的情況。
看來(lái),這個(gè)人是反對(duì)大麻合法化的。因?yàn)樗f(shuō),這將導(dǎo)致更多人吸食大麻,這其中將包括沒(méi)有生病,而只把大麻作為毒品的癮君子。不過(guò)話(huà)說(shuō)回來(lái),把大麻合法化,那種植、銷(xiāo)售和使用大麻就成為合法產(chǎn)業(yè),反而更易于管理,政府也可以從中獲得稅收,似乎也有積極的一面。 所以,這些利弊上的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)肯定會(huì) open the door to more debate on the marijuana issue--引發(fā)更多關(guān)于大麻問(wèn)題的辯論! 好,我們?cè)賮?lái)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)剛才那段話(huà):
M: “I agree that we appear to be losing the fight against drugs. But despite the fact that marijuana may indeed have medicinal value, legalizing the drug would surely OPEN THE DOOR TO even wider usage.”
今天我們學(xué)習(xí)的習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)是 open the door to something,意思是“引起”“帶來(lái)”。堅(jiān)持提高自己的英語(yǔ)能力絕對(duì)沒(méi)錯(cuò),日積月累,It will definitely open the door to a lot more opportunities for you. 一定會(huì)給你帶來(lái)很多機(jī)會(huì)。
好的,這次美國(guó)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)就到此結(jié)束,
M: Until next time.
M: This has been Words and Idioms.
A: Mike, I think working with you has opened the door to a lot of things for me.
B: Really? How so?
A: Well, I now know every gourmet food truck in the greater DC area for starters!
B: LOL, well I’m glad to hear it! Just don’t blame me when you step on the scale tonight ok?
A: WHAT????? You are so dead!!好了同學(xué)們,這次節(jié)目時(shí)間就到這里了。
B: Tune in next time for American English Mosaic!
A: See you next time!