小升初英語(yǔ)基本語(yǔ)法與練習(xí)六 簡(jiǎn)單句

　　小升初英語(yǔ)基本語(yǔ)法與練習(xí)六 簡(jiǎn)單句

　　知識(shí)要點(diǎn)

　　根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，英語(yǔ)的句子可分為簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。簡(jiǎn)單句的基本形式是由一個(gè)主語(yǔ)加一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。其它各種句子形式都是由此句型發(fā)展而來(lái)。

　　1)簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型

　　1. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(不及物動(dòng)詞) [S + V] 如：The children are playing happily.

　　2. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語(yǔ) [S+V+O] 如：The Greens enjoy living in China.

　　3. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ) [S+V+P]

　　該句型謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為連系動(dòng)詞。常見的系動(dòng)詞有：be(是); get(變得), become(成為), turn(變得), look(看起來(lái)), feel(感到), smell(聞起來(lái)), taste(嘗起來(lái)), sound(聽起來(lái)), seem(似乎) 等The apple pie tastes really delicious.

　　4. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ) [S+V+InO+DO]

　　這種句型中的及物動(dòng)詞后跟雙賓語(yǔ)，既指人的間接賓語(yǔ)和指物的直接賓語(yǔ)。也可以把間接賓語(yǔ)放在直接賓語(yǔ)之后，但要加介詞for或to。如：

　?、?My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me.

　?、?I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him.

　　5. 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) [S+V+O+OC] We must keep our school clean.

　　練習(xí)：

　　用五個(gè)英語(yǔ)的基本句型各造3個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子

　　1.[S + V]

　　________________________________________________________________

　　2. [S+V+O]

　　________________________________________________________________

　　3.[S+V+P ________________________________________________________________

　　4.[S+V+InO+DO] ________________________________________________________________

　　5.[S+V+O+OC]

　　________________________________________________________________

　　2)一般疑問(wèn)句

　　一般疑問(wèn)句對(duì)全句提出疑問(wèn)，用yes或no回答。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：be動(dòng)詞(is, am, was, were)或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can, will, shall)或助動(dòng)詞(do, does, did)+主語(yǔ)+其他?通常譯為"...嗎?"如：Are you a student? Can you sing an English song? Did they watch TV last night?

　　練習(xí)：

　　I. 將下列句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句。1-4句作肯定回答，5-8句作否定回答。

　　1. My sister is older than Mary.

　　____________________________________________________________

　　2. They like collecting leaves.

　　____________________________________________________________

　　3. Mr Green was here yesterday.

　　____________________________________________________________

　　4. We took lots of pictures last week.

　　____________________________________________________________

　　5. Jim does well in English.

　　____________________________________________________________

　　6. She can sing and dance.

　　____________________________________________________________

　　7. There are some sheep on the hill.

　　____________________________________________________________

　　II.根據(jù)所給答語(yǔ)，選擇相應(yīng)的問(wèn)句。

　　( )1.Yes, I do. A. Is it time to have a lesson?

　　( )2. No, you can't. B. Do you often go to the supermarket ?

　　( )3. No, she isn't. C. Are their friends from different countries?

　　( )4. Yes, they are. D. Is Nancy a Japanese girl?

　　( )5. No, it's time to have a rest. E. Can I play the piano now?

　　( )6. No, he didn't. F. Did Sam run faster than Tom three years ago?

　　III. 根據(jù)實(shí)際情況回答問(wèn)題。

　　1. Are you a student?

　　________________________________________

　　2. Is your mum a nurse?

　　________________________________________

　　3. Do you like English?

　　________________________________________

　　4. Are there any Japanese students in your school?

　　________________________________________

　　5. Would you like some apples?

　　________________________________________

　　知識(shí)要點(diǎn)

　　3)特殊疑問(wèn)句

　　特殊疑問(wèn)句由特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，針對(duì)句子中的某一個(gè)具體部分提問(wèn)，要求作具體回答。特殊疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)一般是：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序?我們所用的"對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)"的題目就是將陳述句轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。

　　練習(xí)：

　　對(duì)下列句中畫線部分內(nèi)容提問(wèn)。

　　1. Her uncle is John.

　　________________________________________________.

　　2. Her uncle's name is John.

　　________________________________________________.

　　3. They go to school at about 7:00 every morning.

　　_______________________________________________.

　　4. My father is a driver.

　　_______________________________________________.

　　5. They are going to fly kites in the park.

　　_______________________________________________.

　　6. It's about four kilometers away from here.

　　_______________________________________________.

　　7. My father is cleaning the car.

　　_______________________________________________.

　　8. The woman in the car is my aunt.

　　_______________________________________________.