1.as ...as
as ...as意為“和……一樣”,as ...as中間要用形容詞或副詞原級,而不能使用比較級或最高級形式。
This book is as interesting as that one.這本書和那本一樣有趣。
He plays table tennis as well as the teacher.他乒乓球打得和老師一樣好。
注意:
①若涉及數(shù)量或程度,可用as much+不可數(shù)名詞+as;as many+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+as。
I haven't got as much money as I thought.我不像自己原來想象的那么有錢。
You've made as many mistakes as I have.你犯的錯誤和我犯的一樣多。
②as ...as中間接形容詞時,有時該形容詞還可修飾另一名詞,但這個名詞應帶有不定冠詞a或an,這時它們的詞序應注意:
She is as good a cook as her mother.她和她媽媽一樣是位好廚師。
也可說:She is a cook as good as her mother.
但不說:She is as a good cook as her mother.或They are as good cooks as us.
2.not as (so)...as
not as(so)...as是as ...as句型的否定式,意為“和……不一樣;不如……”,not as(so)...as中間要用形容詞或副詞原級,而不能使用比較級或最高級形式。
He speaks English not as well as Li Lei.他英語說得不如李雷好。
This tree is not as/so tall as that one.這棵樹不如那棵樹高。
Tom doesn't run as/so fast as Jack.湯姆不如杰克跑得快。
3.比較級+and+比較級
“比較級+and+比較級”是一個常用的形容詞或副詞句型,意為“越來越……”,and兩邊的形容詞或副詞都要用比較級形式。
When spring comes,days are getting longer and longer.春天來了,白天變得越來越長。
When summer comes,it is getting hotter and hotter.當夏天到來時,天氣變得越來越熱。
注意:
如果and兩邊的形容詞或副詞是多音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞,則用more and more+多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞,而不能表達為“more+多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞+and more+多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞”形式。
Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.我們的城市變得越來越美麗了。
4.the+比較級,the+比較級
“the+比較級,the+比較級”是一個固定句型,意為“越……,就越……”
The more you eat,the fatter you will be.你吃得越多就會越胖。
The more you study,the more you know.你學得越多,就知道得越多。
The more you practice,the better you can understand.你練習得越多,理解得就越透。
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越細心,你犯的錯誤就會越少。
5.less+原級
“less+形容詞或副詞原級”表示劣等比較,意為“較不……;更不……”;less+形容詞或副詞原級+than,意為“不如……”。
It is less cold today than it was yesterday.今天天氣沒昨天那樣冷。
He studies English less hard than before.他學英語不如以前那樣努力。
This book is less difficult than that one.這本書沒那本書難。
The movie is less interesting than that one.這部電影不如那部電影有意思。
6.the+比較級+of the two
the+比較級+of the two,表示“兩者中較……”。值得注意的是形容詞最高級前要加定冠詞the,形容詞比較級前通常不用定冠詞,但是在“the+比較級+of the two”結(jié)構(gòu)中,比較級前要用定冠詞。
He is the taller of the two.他是兩者中比較高的。
Who is the older of the two?他們兩個誰年齡較大?
This one is the bigger of the two houses.這所房子是兩所房子中較大的。
7.one of+最高級+復數(shù)名詞
“one of+the+最高級+復數(shù)名詞”表示“最……之一”。one of ...結(jié)構(gòu)有三個考點:一是one of后的形容詞要用最高級;二是one of后的名詞要用復數(shù)形式;三是one of ...結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
He is one of the best students in our class.他是我們班最好的學生之一。
One of the biggest problems is pollution.最大的問題之一是污染。
Huanghe River is one of the longest rivers in China.黃河是中國最長的河之一。
8.the+形容詞原級
形容詞和定冠詞連用,相當于一個名詞,表示一類人,在句子中可以作主語和賓語,如:the poor窮人;the rich富人;the old老人;the young年輕人;the sick病人;the blind盲人;the deaf聾人
He set up a school for the deaf and the dumb.他創(chuàng)建了一所聾啞學校。
He stole from the rich to give to the poor.他偷富人的東西去接濟窮人。
Those of us who are sighted don't understand the problems of the blind.
我們這些有視力的人不理解盲人的困難。
9.It's+adj.+of+sb.+不定式
“It's+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”是一個常用句型,表示“某人(做某事)怎么樣”。
這一句型中常用描述行為者性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞,如good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),polite(有禮貌的),clever(聰明的),foolish(愚蠢的),lazy(懶惰的),careful(細心的),careless(粗心的),right(正確的),wrong(錯誤的)等;句型中的介詞用of。
It's very kind of you to help me.你幫助我真是太好了。
It's very rude of her to say such words.她說這樣的話真粗魯。
It's foolish of him to go alone.他單獨出去太傻了。
10.It's+adj.+for+sb.+不定式
“It's+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”是一個常用句型,表示“做某事對某人來說怎么樣”。
這一句型中常用的形容詞有important(重要的),necessary(必要的),difficult(困難的),easy(容易的),hard(艱難的),dangerous(危險的),safe(安全的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒適的),interesting(有趣的),impossible(不可能的)等;該句型中的介詞用for。
It's not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)對于他們來說學好一門外語不容易。
It's very important for students to listen to teachers carefully.(=To listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.)對于學生來說認真聽老師講課是非常重要的。
It's necessary for us to get to school on time.(=To get to school on time is necessary for us.)對于我們來說按時到校是非常必要的。
11.形容詞+動詞不定式句型
“形容詞+to do(動詞不定式)”或“連系動詞+形容詞+to do(動詞不定式)”,表示“某人對干某事有怎樣的情緒、態(tài)度或把握程度”等,通常有兩種情況的形容詞構(gòu)成該句型,這兩種形容詞的后面要用動詞不定式。
①表示感情或情緒的形容詞,如glad(高興的),pleased(高興的),sad(憂傷的),thankful(感激的)等后常接不定式。如:Glad to see you.見到你非常高興。
I'm very sad to hear the bad news.聽到這個壞消息,我非常難過。
I'm pleased to have the party with you.很高興和你們一起舉行聚會。
②表示能力和意志的形容詞,如ready(樂意的,有準備的),able(有能力的),sure(一定),certain(一定)等后面常接不定式。如:
Lei Feng was always ready to help others.雷鋒總是樂于助人。
He is sure to get to school on time.他一定會按時到校。
【中考速遞】
1.[湖南邵陽中考考題] Mr.Smith said his son was as _____ as his daughter.
A.hard-working B.more hard-working C.the most hard-working
2.[海南中考考題] Everyone knows the Yellow River isn't so _____ as the Yangtze River.
A.long B.longer C.longest
3.[黑龍江齊齊哈爾中考考題] Our country is getting _____.We are proud of it.
A.more and more strong B.strong and strong
C.stronger and stronger
4.[貴州六盤水中考考題] The harder you study,the _____ grades you will get.
A.well B.better C.good D.best
5.[北京中考考題] The hotel is very old.It's one of _____ buildings in the city.
A.old B.older C.oldest D.the oldest
6.[廣東中考考題] It's very kind _____ you to lend me your reusable shopping bags.
A.of B.for C.to D.with
【答案點撥】
1.答案:A 句意:史密斯先生說他兒子和女兒一樣勤奮。as ...as ...意為“和……一樣”,中間用形容詞或副詞原級。故選A。
2.答案:A 句意:每個人都知道黃河不如長江長。表示“不如……”用not as/so ...as句型,not as/so ...as中間用形容詞原級。故選A。
3.答案:C 句意:我們的國家正在變得越來越強壯。表示“越來越……”用“比較級+and+比較級”。故選C。
4.答案:B 句意:你學習越努力,你就會獲得越好的成績。表示“越……,就越……”用“the+比較級……,the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu),故選B。
5.答案:D 根據(jù)題干中的one of可知,one of后的形容詞要用最高級形式,故選D。
6.答案:A 由句中表示人品質(zhì)的形容詞kind可知,這里用“It's+adj.+of sb.to do sth.”,故選A。