[高中]全新語法:主謂一致的分類 一、“不確定數(shù)量”的單詞或短語作主語

一、“不確定數(shù)量”的單詞或短語作主語

1.“all of，some of，half of，most of+名詞或代詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞由后面的名詞或代詞決定。

All of the cake has been eaten.蛋糕全吃完了。（cake用單數(shù)）

All of us are going to Sam’s party next week.

下周我們都去參加山姆的聚會(huì)。（us用復(fù)數(shù)）

Half of the apples are rotten.一半的蘋果爛了。（apples用復(fù)數(shù)）

Half of the apple is rotten.這蘋果的一半爛了。（apple用單數(shù)）

Some of the work is really difficult.有部分工作的確很難。（work用單數(shù)）

Some of the problems we face today are the destruction of our environment.

當(dāng)今我們面臨的問題是環(huán)境的破壞。（problems用復(fù)數(shù)）

Most of my friends live abroad.我的朋友大多數(shù)住在國外。（friends用復(fù)數(shù)）

Most of the cheese is made from cow’s milk.

這些奶酪大都是用牛奶做的。（cheese用單數(shù)）

2.“the rest of，the majority of+名詞或代詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞由后面的名詞或代詞決定。

The rest of the students are watering trees.其余的學(xué)生正在澆樹。（students用復(fù)數(shù)）

The rest of the wine has gone bad.剩下的酒已經(jīng)變質(zhì)了。（wine用單數(shù)）

The majority of the damage is easy to repair.

這次的大部分損害容易補(bǔ)救。（damage用單數(shù)）

The majority of his books are kept upstairs.他的大部分書藏在樓上。（books用單數(shù)）

3.“a lot of/lots of，plenty of，a large quantity of+名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞由后面的名詞或代詞決定。

There is plenty of coal in this area.這個(gè)地區(qū)有豐富的煤。（coal用單數(shù)）

Plenty of foreign firms have set up factories here.

很多外國公司已在這里開辦了工廠。（firms決定謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)）

A lot of food here is delicious.這兒很多食物都很好吃。（food用單數(shù)）

Lots of people here like dancing.這兒很多人都喜歡跳舞。（people用復(fù)數(shù)）

A large quantity of beer was sold out.大量的啤酒被售出。（beer用單數(shù)）

A large quantity of blouses were on sale.大量罩衫有售。（blouses用復(fù)數(shù)）

【提示】

“quantities of+可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞都用復(fù)數(shù)。

Quantities of water were wasted in this town last year.這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)去年浪費(fèi)了大量的水。

There were large quantities of shoppers just before Christmas.

圣誕節(jié)以前購買東西的顧客非常多。

4.“a variety of，a group of，a crowd of，a good many，a number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

There are a variety of toys in this shop.這家商店有各種各樣的玩具。

A group of frogs were traveling through the forests.一群青蛙正在穿越樹林。

A crowd of cattle were dotted around the grass land with a little boy sitting on a rock.

一群牛羊分散在草地上，一個(gè)男孩坐在一塊巖石上。

A good many people agree with us.許多人與我們意見相同。

A number of books are missing from the library.圖書館的許多書不見了。

【比較】

①A number of accidents always occur on rainy days.雨天常常有許多事故發(fā)生。

②The number of students in this college has doubled.這所大學(xué)的學(xué)生人數(shù)翻了一番。

5.“名詞化形容詞”表示“一類人”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

The poor get poorer；the rich get richer.窮者愈窮；富者愈富。

The rejected were heaped in the corner.廢品堆在角落里。

The French like to eat well.法國人很講究吃。

The wounded were sent home.傷員們被送回家。

【提示】 “名詞化形容詞”表示抽象概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

The true is to be distinguished from the false.真?zhèn)雾毐娣置鳌?/p>

6.“a kind of，a type of，a sort of+名詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

There is a kind of rose on the table，which is very expensive.

桌上放著一種玫瑰，價(jià)格昂貴。

A type of bird that is now extinct is the passenger pigeon.現(xiàn)已消失的一種鳥是信鴿。

7.“many a，more than one+名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

Many a boy likes playing basketball.許多男生都喜歡打籃球。

Many a ship has been wrecked on those rocks.許多船只毀于那些礁石之上。

More than one person is involved in this.與此事有牽連的人不止一個(gè)。

More than one student was late.不止一個(gè)學(xué)生遲到。

【比較】 不止一個(gè)人來幫助我們。

①M(fèi)ore than one person comes to help us.（單數(shù)）

②More persons than one come to help us.（復(fù)數(shù)）

8.“a great deal of，a large amount of+不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

A great deal of money is spent on research.研究工作花了許多錢。

A large amount of work has been done to stop the noise.已做了許多工作來消滅噪音。