[高中]全新語法:主謂一致的分類 四、名詞作主語

四、名詞作主語

1.集體名詞作主語

（1）只用復(fù)數(shù)的集體名詞：police，people，cattle

The people here are really happy.這兒的人真的很快樂。

The police have only very limited powers.警察只有很有限的權(quán)利。

The cattle are grazing in the field.牛在田野里吃草。

（2）只用單數(shù)的集體名詞：equipment，furniture，clothing，luggage，machinery，poetry，scenery

The equipment in our lab is perfect.我們實(shí)驗(yàn)室的設(shè)備完美至極。

The modern furniture is very cheap here.這兒的現(xiàn)代式家具非常便宜。

Her clothing was very fashionable.她身穿的衣服非常時髦。

All the luggage has been strapped up.所有行李都已捆扎好。

The machinery is driven by electricity.這機(jī)器由電驅(qū)動。

The poetry of Byron is beautiful.拜倫的詩很美。

The coastal scenery of Florida attracts many tourists.

佛羅里達(dá)的海岸風(fēng)光吸引許多觀光客。

（3）單復(fù)數(shù)均可的集體名詞：audience，board，class，committee，company，crew，enemy，family，government，group，party，public，team等，作為整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；作為個體成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

My family is living in North China.我家住在華北。（單數(shù)）

My family are taking separate vacations.我家人分別度假。（復(fù)數(shù)）

The committee consists of eleven persons.委員會由11人組成。（單數(shù)）

The committee are at dinner.委員們正在吃飯。（復(fù)數(shù)）

His audience consists mainly of young people.他的觀眾主要是由年輕人構(gòu)成。（單數(shù)）

The audience were clapping for over ten minutes.觀眾們的掌聲響了十多分鐘。（復(fù)數(shù)）

Our class is made up of fifty students.我們班由五十個學(xué)生組成。（單數(shù)）

Our class are working very hard.我們班學(xué)習(xí)都很努力。（復(fù)數(shù)）

His team is very strong.他們隊很強(qiáng)大。（單數(shù)）

His team are talking with the coach.他們隊在跟教練談話。（復(fù)數(shù)）

2.以s結(jié)尾的名詞作主語

（1）以s結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

Physics is an important subject.物理學(xué)是一門很重要的學(xué)科。

Economics is my favorite subject.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)是我最喜歡的學(xué)科。

Politics has so far interested me.迄今為止我對政治學(xué)很感興趣。

Statistics was his major.統(tǒng)計學(xué)是他的主修科。

（2）以s結(jié)尾的地理、組織名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

The United States is a developed country.美國是一個發(fā)達(dá)國家。

The United Nations is an international organization.聯(lián)合國是一個國際組織。

（3）以s結(jié)尾的群島、山脈、海峽、瀑布等名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

The Himalayas are very famous in the world.喜馬拉雅山脈舉世聞名。

（4）以s結(jié)尾的書名，劇名、報刊、雜志名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

The Arabian Nights is very interesting.《一千零一夜》很有趣。

The New York Times is a famous newspaper.《紐約時報》是一家著名的報紙。

【提示】 news作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

News is travelling fast nowadays.在當(dāng)今的時代，新聞傳播得很快。

3.trousers，scissors，clothes，goods，glasses等作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

His clothes are good.他的衣服很好。

These scissors are very sharp.這幾把剪刀很鋒利。

My blue trousers have worn out.我的藍(lán)褲子已經(jīng)穿破了。

My glasses （spectacles）are new.我的眼鏡是新的。

【提示】 這類名詞被a pair of修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

This pair of scissors is Hangzhou made.這把剪刀是杭州制造的。

4.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時，要根據(jù)意義決定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。

An iron works has been established in that region.

在那個地區(qū)建立了一個鐵工廠。（an修飾單數(shù)名詞）

This new means has been adopted to solve his problem.

為解決他的問題采用了這個新方法。（this修飾單數(shù)名詞）

There are various species facing the danger of extinction.

許多物種面臨滅絕的危險。（various修飾單數(shù)名詞）