TED演講-口語練習(xí)：威權(quán)運動的特洛伊木馬策略

在TED演講節(jié)目中，演講者清晰的口語表達及其內(nèi)容的寫作手法都是值得我們學(xué)習(xí)借鑒的。在本期的TED演講中，演講者將講述威權(quán)運動的特洛伊木馬策略。請結(jié)合視頻內(nèi)容，開始口語練習(xí)吧！

原文及翻譯

Most authoritarian movements work like Trojan horses. Typically, their leader comes to power through an election and, once inside, dismantles the system from within. And they have a playbook for doing so: the authoritarian playbook. 

大多數(shù)威權(quán)運動都像特洛伊木馬一樣運作。通常，他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人通過選舉上臺，一旦上臺，就會從內(nèi)部瓦解體制。他們有一套策略：威權(quán)策略。

First, they politicize independent institutions like the civil service, law enforcement, and eventually the military. 

首先，他們將獨立機構(gòu)政治化，如公務(wù)員制度、執(zhí)法部門，最終是軍隊。

Second, they spread disinformation, including from the government. 

其次，他們傳播虛假信息，包括來自政府的虛假信息。

Third, they aggrandize executive power and undermine checks and balances. 

第三，他們擴大行政權(quán)力，破壞制衡機制。

Fourth, they quash dissent, from limiting what can be said, taught, and read, to using the regulatory state to punish critics. 

第四，他們壓制異議，從限制言論、教學(xué)和閱讀內(nèi)容，到利用監(jiān)管國家懲罰批評者。

Fifth, they scapegoat and delegitimize vulnerable groups. This has been the tyrant's favorite tool since antiquity, because if you can pit people against each other on the basis of race, religion, or sexual orientation, it's easier to pick their pockets of money and power. 

第五，他們把弱勢群體當(dāng)成替罪羊，剝奪他們的合法性。自古以來，這一直是暴君最喜歡的工具，因為如果你能以種族、宗教或性取向為由挑撥人們互相對抗，就更容易從他們口袋里掏錢和權(quán)力。

Sixth, they corrupt elections. 

第六，他們破壞選舉。

And finally, they incite violence. It's not that people openly support authoritarianism or even secretly favor it, but in a time of rapid change and uncertainty, it can be tempting to think the solution is just to give someone a little bit more power.

最后，他們煽動暴力。人們并不公開支持威權(quán)主義，甚至也不暗中贊同它，但在快速變化和不確定的時代，人們很容易認(rèn)為解決辦法就是給予某人多一點權(quán)力。

以上就是本期TED演講的分享，希望對您的口語、寫作水平都有幫助！您也可以訪問網(wǎng)站主頁，獲取最新的英語學(xué)習(xí)資料，全方位提升英語水平。