新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)詳解第20課:One man in a boat 獨(dú)坐孤舟

§ Lesson 20 One man in a boat 獨(dú)坐孤舟

【New words and expressions】 生詞和短語(yǔ)

★catch v. 抓到

catch fish,catch thief

catch cold : 染上感冒

catch a bus : 趕車

catch one's breath : 摒住呼吸

catch sight of = see : 看見(jiàn)

catch fire : 著火

catch one's eyes : 吸引某人注意力

★fisherman n. 釣魚(yú)人, 漁民

★boot n. 靴子

a pair of boots

★waste n. 浪費(fèi)

You are wasting time.

a waste of

It is a waste of time/money/food.

★realize v. 意識(shí)到

I realized that I was wrong.

實(shí)現(xiàn), realize one's dream

【Text】

Lesson 20 One man in a boat 獨(dú)坐孤舟

First listen and then answer the question.聽(tīng)錄音, 然后回答以下問(wèn)題.

Why is fishing the writer's favourite sport?

Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything -- not even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. 'You must give up fishing!' my friends say. 'It's a waste of time.' But they don't realize one important thing. I'm not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!

參考譯文

釣魚(yú)是我特別喜愛(ài)的一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng). 我經(jīng)常一釣數(shù)小時(shí)卻一無(wú)所獲, 但我從不為此煩惱. 有些垂釣者就是不走運(yùn), 他們往往魚(yú)釣不到, 卻釣上來(lái)些舊靴子和垃圾. 我的運(yùn)氣甚至還不及他們. 我什么東西也未釣到過(guò) -- 就連舊靴子也沒(méi)有. 我總是在河上呆上整整一上午, 然后空著袋子回家. “你可別再釣魚(yú)了!” 我的朋友們說(shuō), “這是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間. “然而他們沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到重要的一點(diǎn), 我并不是真的對(duì)釣魚(yú)有興趣, 我感興趣的只是獨(dú)坐孤舟, 無(wú)所事事!

【課文講解】 fish一般情況下作為不可數(shù)名詞用

There are a lot of fishes(表示種類)in the sea.

fish(v.) : 釣魚(yú), 捕魚(yú)

主語(yǔ)通常由名詞和代詞充當(dāng), 以及動(dòng)詞+ing, 如eating,reading等等

for+時(shí)間……表示一段時(shí)間

for hours=for some hours

without(prep.)

介詞后面一定要加賓語(yǔ), 介詞后面的動(dòng)詞一定要加 “-ing”

動(dòng)詞+ing : 1.做主語(yǔ); 2.做賓語(yǔ)

anything用在否定句中

without作為狀語(yǔ)而出現(xiàn), 表示結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)

He went out without saying any words.

Without asking for money,the boy went to school.

without 后面的動(dòng)作是主語(yǔ)來(lái)做的

(v.)worry sb. 作動(dòng)詞一定要加人作賓語(yǔ), 翻譯時(shí)從后往前翻

The house worried me. / My daughter worried me.

(adj.)be worried about 主語(yǔ)為賓語(yǔ)而感到擔(dān)心

I was never worried about this. = This does not worry me.

instead of 后面的詞一定是沒(méi)有做的, 可以放在主句后面

without強(qiáng)調(diào)沒(méi)有做某件事, instead of強(qiáng)調(diào)這件事沒(méi)做成而做成了另外一件事

instead of:我原準(zhǔn)備做……但是后來(lái)做了……

I went to school instead of staying at home.我沒(méi)呆在家里而是去上學(xué)了

I bought books instead of buying dresses.

less+原形 : A is less ... than B (譯為不如) more beautiful / less beautiful

spend+時(shí)間+在某地 : 在某地度過(guò)……時(shí)間

after(conj.)+從句, 從句主語(yǔ)必須是主句的主語(yǔ)才能換成下面一種形式

after(prep.)+名詞/動(dòng)詞的ing形式

After I go to school,I learned a lot of knowledge. (用一般式表示一個(gè)事實(shí), 不用 “went to” )

After going to school,I learned a lot of knowledge.

With an empty bag 注意連讀

with: 帶著(狀語(yǔ))

without; 沒(méi)帶 I always go home without angthing. 什么都沒(méi)帶回家

give up doing sth : 放棄做某事/stop doing

give up smoking.

be interested in 主語(yǔ)對(duì)什么感興趣

在船上　in a boat

not at all在否定句中起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用

【Key structures】　關(guān)鍵句型

細(xì)讀下面的例句, 特別注意用斜體印出的以-ing結(jié)尾的詞.

a 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)

Eating is always a pleasure. 吃總是一件愉快的事情.

Watching television is my favourite pastime. 看電視是我最喜愛(ài)的業(yè)馀愛(ài)好.

Reading in bed is something I always enjoy. 我總喜歡躺在床上看書(shū)

b 動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)

I am very keen on cycling. 我非常喜歡騎自行車.

She is afraid of staying in that house alone. 她害怕單獨(dú)住在那間屋子里.

He is capable of doing anything. 他能勝任任何事情.

c Note how these sentences have been joined.

注意在以下例句中如何用動(dòng)名詞將兩個(gè)短句連到一起.

He sat there. He did not say anything. 他坐在那兒, 他什么話也不說(shuō).

He sat there without saying anything. 他默默無(wú)語(yǔ)地坐在那里.

He turned off the radio. He left the room. 他關(guān)掉了收音機(jī), 他離開(kāi)了房間.

Before leaving the room, he turned off the radio. 離開(kāi)房間之前, 他關(guān)掉了收音機(jī).

He looked at this watch. He hurried to the station. 他看了一下手表. 他匆忙趕到火車站.

After looking at his watch, he hurried to the station. 他看了一下手表之后, 就匆忙趕往火車站.

Or: After having looked at his watch, he hurried to the station.

I must apologize. I interrupted you. 我得表示道歉. 我打斷了你的說(shuō)話(工作).

I must apologize for interrupting you. 由于打斷了你的說(shuō)話(工作), 我得表示道歉.

Or: I must apologize for having interrupted you.

I must apologize. I did not let you know earlier. 我得表示道歉. 我沒(méi)有早一點(diǎn)讓你知道.

I must apologize for not letting you know earlier. 由于沒(méi)有早點(diǎn)讓你知道, 我得表示道歉.

Or: I must apologize for not having let you know earlier.

He congratulated me. I won the competition. 他向我道賀. 我贏得了這次比賽.

He congratulated me on winning the competition. 在我贏得這次比賽之際, 他向我祝賀.

Or: He congratulated me on having won the competition.

動(dòng)詞+ing(非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)可以做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)

b. be keen on,be fond of,be interested in,enjoy+動(dòng)詞ing : 喜歡做某事

be afraid of

be up to ,be capable of (capable adj.有能力的, 能干的, 有可能的, 可以...的)

without, instead of

c. I apologize. 我道歉 (apologize vi.道歉, 辯白)

apologize for (not) doing sth. 為什么事情而道歉

thank you for listening/attending

for interrupting you 只強(qiáng)調(diào)這件事 (doing)

for having interrupted you 強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)動(dòng)作先做了, 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間 (having done)

以上兩者為時(shí)間概念不同

not doing 沒(méi)做某事

congratulate sb. on doing sth. (congratulate vt.祝賀, 慶賀, 恭喜)

Exercises C(用括號(hào)中的詞來(lái)連接下列句子, 如需要可對(duì)原句進(jìn)行必要的改動(dòng))

1.He went out of the restaurant. (without) He did not pay the bill.

1.without

without prep.+ doing

He went out of the restaurant without paying the bill.

2.She bought a pair of boots. (instead of) She did not get a pair of shoes.

2.instead of

She bought a pair of boots instead of getting a pair of shoes.

=She bought a pair of boots instead of a pair of shoes.

3.She was afraid. (of) She did not spend the night alone.

3.of

She was afraid of spending the night alone.

4.(After) She heard the news. She fainted.

4.after

after+從句; after prep.+doing

After hearing the news,she fainted. (faint n.昏暈, 昏倒 adj.虛落地, 衰弱的, 軟弱的, 無(wú)力的, 微弱的, 暗淡的, 模糊的 vi.昏暈, 昏倒, 變得微弱, 變得沒(méi)氣力)

5.Think carefully. (before) Answer my question.

5.before

Think carefully before answering my question.

在回答我的問(wèn)題之前, 請(qǐng)仔細(xì)考慮.

6.(On) I saw the plane coming towards me. I dashed for cover

6.on

as soon as : 一... 就... : as soon as I entered...

the moment +從句 : the moment I had entered

以上兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)不一定是同一個(gè)人

on (prep.)+doing 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作必須是同一個(gè)人(即主句主語(yǔ))

On seeing the plane coming towards me, I dashed for cover.(沖進(jìn)掩護(hù)體 [???] n.少量(攙加物), 沖撞, 破折號(hào), 銳氣, 精力, 干勁 vi.猛擲, 沖撞 vt.潑濺, 使猛撞, 攙和, 使破滅, 使沮喪, 匆忙完成)

【Special Difficulties】 難點(diǎn)

細(xì)讀以下例句 :

a Interested and Interesting. Excited and Exciting.

Fishing is not interesting. I am not really interested in fishing. (11. 7-8)

釣魚(yú)沒(méi)意思. 我對(duì)釣魚(yú)并不真正感興趣.

The match was very exciting. The crowd got very excited. 比賽非常激動(dòng)人心. 觀眾非常激動(dòng).

b It's and Its. It's a waste of time. (11. 6-7)

It's (= it is) cold today. It's raining too. 今天天氣冷. 而且正在下雨.

The cat drank its milk. 貓喝了它的牛奶.

This engine has lost its power. 這臺(tái)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)已失去了動(dòng)力.

c Realize and Understand. They don't realize ... (1. 7)

I realized he was mad. 我意識(shí)到他瘋了.

He didn't realize that he had made a mistake. 他沒(méi)有意識(shí)到他犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤.

I don't understand English. 我不懂英語(yǔ).

Exercises(選擇正確的詞填空)

1.I (realized) (understood) he was not telling me the truth.

I realized...意識(shí)到

2.This poem is difficult. (It's) (Its) impossible for you to (understand) (realize) (its) (it's) meaning.

...It's impossible...to understand its meaning / for sb 邏輯主語(yǔ)

its形容詞性物主代詞 poem n.詩(shī), 象詩(shī)一樣, 美麗的東西

it's = it is; it作形式主語(yǔ)

3.There was some (excited) (exciting) news on the radio.

3....exciting news...

excited 　感動(dòng)的

exciting　令人激動(dòng)的

on the radio 在廣播上

Eg. : I got news on the radio/on TV/on the telephone/on the line(在線).

4.He is not an (interesting) (interested) person.

....an interesting person

interested 感興趣的

interesting 有趣的

5.He is an explorer. He leads an (excited) (exciting) life.

...an exciting life explorer n.探險(xiǎn)家, 探測(cè)者, 探測(cè)器

lead a life 過(guò)著...日子

lead a happy life

Eg.; He leads a poor life.

excited 感到激動(dòng)的

exciting 令人激動(dòng)的

如果 -ed,-ing 做形容詞即作定語(yǔ)時(shí), 和被修飾詞有關(guān), 如題中, 令人激動(dòng)的生活而非生活感到激動(dòng)

6.I am not (interesting) (interested) in other people's affairs.

....not interested in ... affairs.

interested　感興趣的

interesting 有趣的

be interested in 對(duì)……感興趣

【Multiple choice questions】多項(xiàng)選擇題

2 The writer enjoys ______ .

a.catching fish b.fishing c.doing nothing d.swimming in the river

2. ...enjoys...C

catching fish 抓魚(yú)

fishing　釣魚(yú)

doing nothing　什么都不做

swimming in the river　在河里游泳

enjoying doing sth / enjoy + n.

I enjoy books.

I enjoy reading books.

6 His bag is empty. He has ______ .

a.a empty bag b.an empty bag c.empty bag d.one empty bag

6. ...He has...B

an empty bag

one empty bag

an　指一個(gè), 強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞

one　一個(gè), 強(qiáng)調(diào) one,強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量

I have a garden.

I have one garden.

強(qiáng)調(diào)empty bag

I sent a letter.

I wrote one word.

7 I am only interested in doing nothing. That's ______ I'm interested in.

a.only b.the one c.all d.the only

7. ...That's...C

(that's/the) only 一般加名詞

that+從句, 從句往往以特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)

that's why

that's when

that's all 那就是一切 (That’s all said.)

That's all(I heard).

That's all I can remember.

the one 指東西, 不指事情

11 He always goes ______ with an empty bag.

a.to home b.to house c.to the house d.home

11. ...D

go home 習(xí)慣用法, 最佳答案

go to the house　語(yǔ)法正確

沒(méi)有規(guī)則與語(yǔ)法相提并論時(shí), 語(yǔ)法為大.

當(dāng)語(yǔ)法與習(xí)慣用法相提并論時(shí), 習(xí)慣用法為大.

Where are you going?(更習(xí)慣這么說(shuō))

Where are you going to?