新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)逐句精講語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 第45課(1)

45課 A clear conscience

The whole village soon learnt that a large sumof money had been lost. Sam Benton, the localbutcher, had lost his wallet while taking hissavings to the post office. Sam was sure thatthe wallet must have been found by one of thevillagers, but it was not returned to him. Threemonths passed, and then one morning, Sam foundhis wallet outside his front door. It had beenwrapped up in newspaper and it contained half themoney he had lost, together with a note which said:'A thief, yes, but only 50 percent a thief!' Two months later, some more money was sent toSam with another note: 'Only 25percent a thief now!' In time, all Sam's money was paid back inthis way. The last note said: 'I am 100percent honest now!'

語(yǔ)法歸納：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

一句話(huà)總結(jié)：請(qǐng)參考Lesson 10和Lesson 21的語(yǔ)法分析及總結(jié)。

精講筆記：

1. The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.

整個(gè)村子很快知道，有一大筆錢(qián)丟失了。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 the whole village指“全村的人”，后常接動(dòng)詞單數(shù)。常用表達(dá)還有：

the whole world全世界

the whole country全國(guó)

the whole society全社會(huì)

the whole class全班

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 had been lost是過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

2. Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to thepost office.

當(dāng)?shù)氐耐婪蛩_姆·本在把存款送往郵局的途中把錢(qián)包弄去了。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 the local butcher 為 Sam Benton 的同位語(yǔ)。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 while taking是一個(gè)省略形式(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句變成分詞作狀語(yǔ))

這種情況必須具備兩個(gè)條件：

這個(gè)動(dòng)作的主語(yǔ)跟主句的主語(yǔ)一致;

這個(gè)動(dòng)作一定是正在進(jìn)行。

原句完整的形式應(yīng)該是：Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while he was takinghis savings to the post office.

3. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but itwas not returned to him.

薩姆確信那錢(qián)一定是被某個(gè)村民撿到了，可是卻不見(jiàn)有人來(lái)送還給他。

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測(cè);must have been done則是對(duì)過(guò)去肯定推測(cè)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。