思馬得英語(yǔ)100個(gè)句子學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法（88）：關(guān)于主謂一致的注意點(diǎn)

　　<一> 例句

　　The professor with a number of students was doing experiments in chemistry lab at that time.

　　那時(shí)教授帶了很多學(xué)生正在實(shí)驗(yàn)室做化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)。

　　<二> 語(yǔ)法分析

　　句子的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，盡管后面帶有with, as well as, rather than, like, but, except, besides和along等連接的名詞，謂語(yǔ)仍用單數(shù)形式。但在口語(yǔ)中，有時(shí)根據(jù)觀念一致的原則，謂語(yǔ)可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。連詞or, either...or, neither...nor, whether..or, not only...but also和not...but等連接并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)依從臨近原則來(lái)決定。關(guān)系代詞who, that, which等在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞的數(shù)一致。

　　<三> 觸類旁通

　　(1)A cart and horse was seen in the sistance.

　　遠(yuǎn)處可見(jiàn)一輛馬拉車(chē)。

　　語(yǔ)法分析：如果and連接的兩個(gè)詞是指同一個(gè)人、同一事物或同一概念，則句子謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。

　　(2)Nobody except Miss Mary is to join us.

　　除了瑪麗小姐沒(méi)有人要參加到我們中間來(lái)。

　　語(yǔ)法分析：主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)仍用單數(shù)形式。

　　(3)Not one but all of us are hoping to be there.

　　不是一個(gè)人而是我們大家都希望去那里。

　　語(yǔ)法分析：由連接詞的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)依據(jù)臨近原則來(lái)確定。

　　(4)None of our parents is a driver.

　　我們的父母沒(méi)有一個(gè)是司機(jī)。

　　語(yǔ)法分析：在由noen, either, no和one等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。

　　(5)Lots of damage was caused by the flood.

　　洪水帶來(lái)很大的破壞。

　　語(yǔ)法分析：a lot of, lots of等+名詞構(gòu)成的主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)依據(jù)主語(yǔ)部分中后面的名詞數(shù)而定。

　　(6)Where is your teacher and classmates?

　　你的老師和同學(xué)在哪里?

　　語(yǔ)法分析：在倒裝句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞往往和其后的第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致。

　　<四>鞏固練習(xí)

　　1. Where [be] the watch and chain?

　　2. Smoke and fod [be] often called clever.

　　3. She, like you and Tom, [be] very clever.

　　4. The teacher with some of her pupils [be] cleaning the classroom.

　　5. You or I [be] going to receive them this afternoon.

　　6. Many a desk and many a bench [be] to be taken out of the room.

　　7. More than one [be] killed in the battle.

　　8. Part of the students here very clever.

　　9. A number os pages in the book [be] broken.

　　10. The number of students [be] boys in our classroom.

　　11. One-third of the students [be] boys in our classroom.

　　12. Four million frances [be] very hones and hard-working.

　　13. The goverment [be] very honest and hard working.

　　14. Mankind [make] progress.

　　答案：1. is 2. is 3. is 4. was. 5. am 6. is 7. was 8. are 9. are 10. is 11. are 12. is 13. are 14 has been making.