第24章　語　序 24.3　賓語的位置

24.3　賓語的位置

24.3.1　賓語通常的位置

1) 賓語通常跟在謂語后面：

They are touring Europe. 他們在游覽歐洲。

He wrote his first novel at 17. 他十七歲寫出了自己的第一本小說。

2) 但在下面情況（如賓語由疑問詞表示或修飾等）賓語要放在主語前面：

Who are you talking to? 你在和誰講話？

How many pages have you read? 你看了多少頁？

Here is the man whom you want to see. 這就是你想見的人。

What she said impressed me deeply. 她說的話給我留下了深刻印象。

Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是對的。

3) 在有兩個賓語時，一般間接賓語在前，直接賓語在后：

He handed me those two parcels. 他把那兩個包裹遞給了我。

Show us your papers. 把證件拿給我們看看。

I'll find you something to do. 我給你找點事做。

She sent me a birthday card. 她寄給我一張生日賀卡。

24.3.2　一些賓語提前的情況

1) 當一個賓語需要強調時，有時可以提前：

This I hope you'll keep in mind. 這一點我希望你記在心里。

We can't afford it. That I know. 我們買不起，這一點我是知道的。

These two letters I'dlike to send by ordinary mail, and this one by registered mail. 這兩封寄平信，這一封寄掛號。

All this we must take fully into account. 這一切我們必須充分考慮。

2) 有些賓語從句，如果需要強調，也可以提到主語前面：

What I'm going to do next, I don't quite know. 下一步該怎么辦我還不太清楚。

What he has once heard, he never forgets. 凡是他聽過一次的話，他再也不會忘記。

Whether it is a defect or not I don't quite know. 它是否是缺點我不十分清楚。

That she is a good girl I know. 她是個好姑娘我是知道的。

Whatever he does he does well. 他做什么事都很好。

24.3.3　一些其他情況

1) 當賓語（加上它的修飾語）較長時，我們常把狀語放在它前面以保持句子的平衡：

Here I wish to extend to you our warmest welcome. 這里我愿向你表示我們最熱忱的歡迎。

These programmes do much to bring home to people the serious risks of smoking. 這些節(jié)目在讓人們認識吸煙的危害方面起到很大作用。

She has translated into English a novel by Lao She. 她把老舍的一本小說譯成了英文。

He declared to Jenny that the trees were in a dreadful condition. 他向珍妮表明那些樹狀態(tài)很糟糕。

She announced at the meeting that she was going to resign. 她在會上宣布她準備辭職。

2) 有時賓語的補語可以移到賓語前面：

They found sitting on the bed a man dressed like a worker. 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一個工人裝束的男子坐在床上。

They found half hidden among the rocks a plant which they had never seen before. 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一株從未見過的植物半隱半現(xiàn)在巖石中間。

Many people consider impossible what really is possible. 許多人把實際上可以做到的事認為不可能。

She must have seen spring up before her a new hope. 她一定是看見面前出現(xiàn)了新希望。

3) 由“及物動詞+副？”構成的成語動詞，后面的賓語可以有兩個位置：

賓語一般在成語動詞后面 賓語較短也可放在副詞前面

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　　Put on your coat.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　Put it (your coat) on.

　　Hand in your (exercise) books.　　　　　　　　　 　　Hand them in, please.

　　Write down your names here.　　　　　　　　　　 　　Write everything (it) down here.

　　Shall I turn on the lights?　　　　　　　　　　 　　Shall I turn the lights (them) on?