劉文勇GRE寫作百日題庫(kù) Day 56

Day 56 Many important discoveries or creations are accidental: it is usually while seekingthe answer to one question that we comeacross the answer to another

Many important discoveries or creations are accidental: it is usually while seeking the answer to one question that we come across the answer to another.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

五問(wèn)：

（1）“many”屬于極端詞嗎？如果不屬于，我們能否武斷地反對(duì)原命題？

（2）你能舉出一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)或發(fā)明是來(lái)自偶然事件的具體例子嗎？說(shuō)說(shuō)人們是如何在思索某一問(wèn)題時(shí)意外獲得了另外一個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案。譬如，蘇格蘭科學(xué)家亞歷山大·弗萊明（Alexander Fleming）原來(lái)從事流感研究工作，一次在實(shí)驗(yàn)室培養(yǎng)葡萄球菌時(shí)，他偶然忘記了蓋上培養(yǎng)盤的蓋子，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)盤子中生長(zhǎng)出的青色霉菌將周圍的葡萄球菌全部殺死，由此意外地發(fā)現(xiàn)了青霉素。

（3）即便如上所述，獲得的結(jié)論并非針對(duì)原本研究的問(wèn)題，那么兩者之間就毫無(wú)關(guān)系嗎？如果有關(guān)系，請(qǐng)你說(shuō)說(shuō)這種關(guān)系意味著什么？

（4）你能否想出一個(gè)與上一種情形恰恰相反的案例：人們通過(guò)艱苦卓絕的探索，獲得了自己想要的問(wèn)題的答案？例如，居里夫人歷經(jīng) 45個(gè)月的努力，從幾噸礦渣中提煉出了 0.1克的鐳。

（5）即便真的有許多研究結(jié)論來(lái)自偶然的發(fā)現(xiàn)，那么，我們?cè)谧鲅芯康臅r(shí)候就可以沒(méi)有目標(biāo)了嗎？如果這樣做會(huì)有什么不好的結(jié)果？例如：偶然的發(fā)現(xiàn)有太多不確定性，可能花了幾十年時(shí)間也沒(méi)有偶然的發(fā)現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)，而且沒(méi)有研究重點(diǎn)，無(wú)法確定哪些發(fā)現(xiàn)更有價(jià)值。

翻譯練習(xí)：

一些偶然事件偶爾可以產(chǎn)生新的甚至革命性的發(fā)現(xiàn)，但是此類發(fā)現(xiàn)通常是長(zhǎng)期不懈朝著一個(gè)明確的方向努力的結(jié)果。

參考答案：

Some chance events can occasionally yield new discoveries, even revolutionary ones, but typically the appearance of such discoveries is the result of long-time and persistent efforts in a definite direction.